1 使役動詞makeの受動態:〈be動詞+made+to不定詞〉
a. All Jewish people were made to live in certain areas of the cities known as ghettos.
b. John was made to wash all the dishes after dinner.
2 regard A as B「AをBとみなす」(≒see A as B)
a. The Nazis regarded the Jewish people as an inferior race.
b. Irena didnʼt see herself as a hero at all.
3 「人々」を表すthose
a. Those who got tickets for the concert are lucky.
b. Many of those she helped were Jewish people who were sent to live in the Warsaw ghetto.
(=
Many of the people (who〔whom〕) she helped...)
4 be eager to do「しきりに…したがっている,…することを熱望している」
a. Ted is eager to learn about traditional Japanese culture.
b. Irena was eager to enter the ghetto and to help the people there.
cf. John is anxious to know how Sam is doing in New York.
5 強調構文:〈It is ~ that ...〉「…なのは~だ」(ʻ~ʼの位置にくる語(句)を強調する)
a. It was the children that Irena and several others decided to save.
b. It was last Monday that Jack heard the news.
c. It was because he was careless that he had an accident.
6 〈前置詞+抽象名詞〉(〈前置詞+抽象名詞〉で,形容詞や副詞のはたらきをするものがある)
a. Akemi solved the math problem with ease.(with ease=easily)
b. This old book is of no use to me.(of no use=useless)
c. “What is that?” one of the soldiers said, and then looked with concern at Irena.
1 使役動詞makeの受動態:〈be動詞+made+to不定詞〉
a. All Jewish people were made to live in certain areas of the cities known as ghettos.
a. 「すべてのユダヤ人は,ゲットーとして知られる,それぞれの都市の特定の地域に住まわされました。」
b. John was made to wash all the dishes after dinner.
b. 「ジョンは夕食後,すべての皿を洗わされました。」
2 regard A as B「AをBとみなす」(≒see A as B)
a. The Nazis regarded the Jewish people as an inferior race.
a. 「ナチスはユダヤ人を劣った人種とみなしました。」
b. Irena didnʼt see herself as a hero at all.
b. 「イレーナは,自分自身を英雄であるとはまったくみなしませんでした。」
3 「人々」を表すthose
a. Those who got tickets for the concert are lucky.
a. 「そのコンサートのチケットを手に入れた人たちは幸運です。」
b. Many of those she helped were Jewish people who were sent to live in the Warsaw ghetto.
(=
Many of the people (who〔whom〕) she helped...)
b. 「彼女が助けた人々の多くは,ワルシャワのゲットーに住むために送られたユダヤ人でした。」
4 be eager to do「しきりに…したがっている,…することを熱望している」
a. Ted is eager to learn about traditional Japanese culture.
a. 「テッドはしきりに日本の伝統文化について学びたがっています。」
b. Irena was eager to enter the ghetto and to help the people there.
cf. John is anxious to know how Sam is doing in New York.
b. 「イレーナはゲットーに入り,そこにいる人々を助けることを熱望していました。」
(「ジョンはサムがニューヨークでどうしているかしきりに知りたがっています。」)
5 強調構文:〈It is ~ that ...〉「…なのは~だ」(ʻ~ʼの位置にくる語(句)を強調する)
a. It was the children that Irena and several others decided to save.
a. 「イレーナほか何人かが救おうと決めたのは子供たちでした。」
b. It was last Monday that Jack heard the news.
b. 「ジャックがそのニュースを聞いたのは先週の月曜日でした。」
c. It was because he was careless that he had an accident.
c. 「彼が事故を起こしたのは,彼の不注意が原因でした。」
6 〈前置詞+抽象名詞〉(〈前置詞+抽象名詞〉で,形容詞や副詞のはたらきをするものがある)
a. Akemi solved the math problem with ease.(with ease=easily)
a. 「アケミは数学の問題を簡単に解きました。」
b. This old book is of no use to me.(of no use=useless)
b. 「この古本は私には役に立ちません。」
c. “What is that?” one of the soldiers said, and then looked with concern at Irena.
c. 「『あれは何だ?』と兵士の1人が言い,それから心配してイレーナを見ました。」