英語長文読解 プラクシス(Praxis) level3 読解へのアプローチ
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Bees
© Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Script
Bees are flying insects, closely related to wasps. They can be found all over the world except in Antarctica. There are more than 20,000 species, or types, of bees. They range in size from less than a tenth of an inch to about an inch and a half. Honeybees and bumblebees are the best known species. Most bees are black with yellow or brown markings. Their hair-covered bodies are divided into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They have two sets of wings, and female bees have stingers. Most bees can sting many times, but a honeybee worker’s stinger gets torn from its body after stinging, and the bee dies. On their heads, bees have feelers, or antennae, that they use for tasting and sensing fragrance. They have five eyes. Two of these are huge compound eyes. Bees are attracted to the color and smell of flowers. Flowers provide their food – a sweet liquid called nectar and a dustlike substance called pollen. Bees have a long mouth part called a proboscis, which they use to suck up nectar. Honeybees change nectar into honey, which they feed to their young. They store honey in honeycombs, built from the wax that they produce. People have kept honeybees for thousands of years, both for their honey and for beeswax, which is used to make candles. Bees also help make new flowers. As they fly around, they leave pollen from one flower on another flower of the same kind. This pollinates the flower, allowing it to make seeds and grow new flowers. Some bees live together in colonies, or hives. There are three types of these bees: queen, worker, and drone. The queen lays eggs. The workers, who are female, care for the young, build the honeycomb, and collect food. The drones are male and live only long enough to mate with the queen. A bee’s life has four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. They can live from only a few weeks to several years, with queens living the longest.